我国异色瓢虫的生物生态学特性

Biological and ecological characteristics of Harmonia axyridis in China

异色瓢虫(Harmonia axyridis)是重要的捕食性天敌昆虫,具有丰富的翅色型,受到科学家们的重视。全面了解异色瓢虫的生物生态学特性,是科学利用其生物防治潜力的重要前提。本文从我国异色瓢虫研究概况出发,全面总结了我国异色瓢虫生物生态学的研究成果,重点关注其捕食效应、翅色型多样性、人工繁殖及释放技术等最新研究进展。今后应进一步深入研究异色瓢虫的生物生态学特性,探究其生态适应性进化机制及翅色型多态性的遗传学基础,推动该虫人工繁殖的"工厂化"和"商业化",为异色瓢虫的保护与利用提供基础。

Harmonia axyridis,with its highly diverse wing colour pattern,is one of the most important natural insect enemies that have fascinated biologists.Comprehensively understanding the bio-ecological characteristics of H.axyridis is a prerequisite to developing effective biological control agents.In this paper,we reviewed the research history of studies on H.axyridis,summarized the results of bio-ecological characterizations of H.axyridis,and focused on the recent research progress on its predatory actions,wing colour polymorphism,artificial rearing,and field releasing technology.We suggest that further studies of the bio-ecological characteristics of H.axyridis would be necessary in future to elucidate the evolutionary mechanism of its ecological adaptation and the genetic basis of its wing colour polymorphism.In addition,further studies would promote the＂factory＂and＂commercialization＂of artificial rearing,which would lay the foundation for the conservation and utilization of H.axyridis.