“芝”类药材HPLC图谱及化学分类学研究

Chemotaxonomy of Medicinal Mushrooms of “Zhi” by HPLC Chromatograms

目的基于HPLC图谱与化学成分分析对不同"芝"类药材进行聚类分析和化学分类学研究。方法采用HPLC法对12个"芝"类药材的三萜类和甾醇类化学成分进行分析,并测定其中的灵芝酸A、麦角甾醇含量。以每个样品的HPLC图谱中各色谱峰的峰面积为变量,对"芝"类药材进行聚类分析。结果各"芝"类药材均含有麦角甾醇,灵芝酸A仅在灵芝属药材中存在,栽培灵芝中灵芝酸A的含量较野生灵芝低。聚类分析表明,12个样品可聚为5类,来源于灵芝科的样品除鹿角芝外均聚为一类,来源于灵芝科的鹿角芝和多孔菌科的另三个"芝"类药材各成一类。结论采用化学成分聚类分析的结果与传统"芝"类药材分类方法具有一致性,HPLC图谱可用于"芝"类药材的分类和鉴别研究,该研究可为"芝"类药材的进一步开发利用提供参考。

Objective HPLC chromatograms and the cluster analysis were used to evaluate different medicinal mushrooms of＂Zhi＂. Methods HPLC chromatograms of 12 medicinal mushrooms of＂Zhi＂were established and the contents of ganoderic acid A and ergosterol were analyzed. In addition,the cluster analysis of medicinal mushrooms of ＂Zhi＂were performed according to the amount of the chromatograms. Results Ergosterol was detected in all samples and ganoderic acid A only existed in ganoderma fungi. The cluster analysis of 12 accessions indicated that they were divided into five groups： all accessions from ganoderma except Ganoderma amboinense clustered as one class; Trametes versicolor,Fomes fomentarius,Fomitopsis officinalis and Ganoderma amboinense clustered as different class respectively. Conclusion Chromatograms stabilized between same genus and varied among different genera,which could be used to distinguish species from each other. HPLC chromatograms method is rapid,intuitive and is a good marker to clsaaify the medicinal mushroom of＂Zhi＂. The study also provided useful data for studying the resource utilization in medicinal mushroom of ＂Zhi＂.