昭通6.5级地震灾区雷电活动特征及雷电灾害易损性区划研究

A vulnerability analysis and risk zoning of regional lightning disaster in M6.5 earthquake stricken areas of Zhaotong in Yunnan

云南省地震灾害频发,在雷电活动高发季节,雷击易导致灾区群体性灾害事件发生.以2014年8月3日昭通6.5级地震灾区为例,结合近30年全省雷暴日统计资料、2009—2013年闪电定位监测和2006—2015年全国雷电灾害汇编资料,分析区域雷电活动时空分布特征,建立雷电灾害易损性指标,对各指标量化分级赋值,获取雷灾易损综合评价指数R并进行雷灾风险等级划分,形成地震灾区雷电灾害易损性区划图.结果表明,灾区雷电活动具有明显的季节变化特征,闪电发生频繁且强度密度大,雷电活动从午后呈逐渐增强趋势,巧家县为雷电灾害高易损区,鲁甸县为雷电灾害中易损区.建立地震灾区雷电灾害易损性区划,能够为确定灾区雷电防护重点,科学指导灾区重建工作提供必要的参考依据,不同雷灾风险易损程度等级的区域应当采取相应的雷电防护措施.

Yunnan province is a region of frequent earthquake disasters,with lightning easily leading to mass disaster events.Taking Zhaotong M6.5 earthquake stricken areas as an example and combining nearly 30 years of thunderstorm days statistics, lightning monitoring data during 2009-2013 and lightning disaster data during 2006-2015, on the basis of analyzing the characteristics of lightning activity ,we have established the occurrence pattern of the disaster stricken areas as to lightning potential vulnerability evaluation index ,the lightning disaster vulnerability evaluation index R and lightning disaster vulnerability zoning map. The results show that Qiaojia county is a high vulnerability area, and Ludian County for lightning disaster vulnerability area.Lightning activity has presented obvious seasonal variation ,with frequent lightning occurrence and strength density. Lightning activity from the afternoon can gradually increase. Therefore vulnerability analysis assessment and zoning of thunderstorm can provide necessary reference to determine the focus of lightning protection and to guide the reconstruction site selection and construction.Different regions should adopt corresponding lightning protection measures according to the lightning disaster risk level.