基于拉夹法逆向车削细长轴加工方法研究

Research on the method of slender shaft based on pulling-clamping and reverse turning approach

为减小细长轴的弯曲变形,提高加工精度,对拉夹法逆向车削进行理论分析和有限元仿真。首先介绍拉夹法逆向车削模型,根据受力情况建立力平衡方程,求解振动频率和各阶振型函数,用MATLAB数值分析软件得出前三阶振型函数的振动曲线,然后用ANSYS有限元分析软件对普通车削和拉夹法逆向车削进行仿真,得到细长轴的弯曲变形图。结果表明采用拉夹法逆向车削可以提高工件在装夹状态下的固有频率,取得很好的减振效果,弯曲变形量大约是普通车削的二分之一,通过减小振动和弯曲变形量,达到提高加工精度的目的。

To improve the machining precision of slender shaft,theoretical analysis and finite element simulation are carried out based on the pulling-clamping and reverse turning approach. Firstly,the model of pulling-clamping and reverse turning approach is introduced,the force balance equation is established based on the stress condition analyses. The vibration frequency and the vibration mode function are obtained,the vibration curve of the first three order formation function calculated by using MATLAB.Then,the simulation of normal turning and pulling-clamping and reverse turning approach is carried out by using ANSYS,and the bending deformation of slender shaft is obtained. The results show that the vibration frequency of the slender shaft is increased,the bending deformation is 1/2 of the ordinary turning,and the purpose of improving the machining accuracy is achieved.