A型鼓室图儿童单频率单成份鼓室图测试正常值研究

The Tympanometric Norms for Children with Type A Tympanograms

目的探讨A型鼓室导抗图儿童单频率单成份鼓室图正常值范围及影响因素。方法 2014年12月至2015年3月对符合Jerger分类法中A型鼓室导抗图的120例(240耳)2~15岁儿童进行单频率单成分鼓室图测试(Y_(-226)),获取外耳道等效容积(acoustic equivalent volume,V_(ea))、峰补偿静态声导纳(peak-compensated static admittance,Y_(tm))、峰值处鼓室压(tympanometric peak pressure,TPP)和鼓室图梯度(tympanometric gradient,TG)等,比较不同年龄、性别间的差异。结果本组对象中,男性和女性TPP值分别为-32.35±22.40和-35.38±18.70daPa,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2~6岁组和7~15岁组V_(ea)值分别为0.79±0.13和0.90±0.19ml,TPP值分别为-40.78±23.83和-30.21±18.80daPa,组间差异均有显著性意义(均为P<0.05),其余指标差异均无统计学意义。结论本组2~15岁A型鼓室图儿童单频率单成分鼓室图在2~6岁、7~15岁组间及不同性别组间峰值处鼓室压有差异;7~15岁组外耳道容积大于2~6岁组;可能与外耳道骨部及软骨部随着年龄增长而自然发育有关。

Objective To study the reference values and related factors of tympanometry for children between 2 and 15 year-old.Methods From December 2014 to March 2015,a total of 120 children（240 ears total）among 2 to 15 year-old（6.95-3.12）with Type A tympanograms received the singe-frequency component tympanometry test,including acoustic equivalent volume（V_（ea））,peak-compensated static admittance（Y_（tm））,tympanometric peak pressure（TPP）and tympanometric gradient（TG）.With the results of each test,the relationships were conducted according to the differences of age and gender.The outcomes also were compared with the recent studies abroad.Results The difference of TPP was statistically significant among the gender group,and the differences of V_（ea） and TPP were statistically significant between different age groups,2-6 year pre-school children and 7~15 yr school children.Conclusion The normative values of each tests were significantly different between Chinese and western children of 2-15 years.We would speculate that the differences of TPP in the age and gender group have changed with the physiological characteristics of Eustachian tubes and eardrums and the differences among male and female.