金属催化的碳-杂键对炔键的加成反应研究进展

Research Progress in Metal-Catalyzed Addition of Carbon-Hetero Bonds to Alkynes

碳-杂键对炔键的加成反应已经成为对碳碳叁键进行官能团化的一种重要手段,此类反应可以一步快速构建两个化学键即一个碳-碳键和一个碳-杂键,因而具有反应效率高、原子经济性高的特点.近年来,Al,Fe,Ni,Cu,Ga,Ru,Rh,Pd,Hf,Ir,Pt,Au,Bi等催化的诸多类型的碳-杂键对炔键的加成反应取得了重要进展.根据对炔键进行加成的碳-杂键的类型分为C—H,C—B,C—N,C—O,C—Si,C—S,C—X(X=Cl,Br,I),C—Se键这8类逐一进行介绍,并对各类加成反应的反应条件、反应选择性(区域选择性和立体化学选择性)以及反应机理进行了讨论和总结.

The addition of carbon-hetero bonds to alkynes has become an important apporach for the functionalization of carbon-carbon triple bonds. It can construct two bonds, namely one carbon-carbon bond and one carbon-hetero bond, in a single one step. These addition reactions feature high efficiency and high atom-economy. In recent years, metal-catalyzed （Al, Fe, Ni, Cu, Ga, Ru, Rh, Pd, Hf, Ir, Pt, Au, Bi, etc.） addition of many various kinds of carbon-hetero bonds to alkynes has achieved lots of important developments. According to the types of carbon-hetero bonds, the addition of 8 different kinds of carbon-hetero bonds [C-H, C-B, C-N, C-O, C-Si, C-S, C-X （X=Cl, Br, I）, C-Se] to alkynes is reviewed in this paper, and the reaction conditions, reaction selectivities （regioselectivities and stereoselectivities） and reaction mechanisms are also discussed and summarized.