低氧肺动脉高压大鼠经胸超声心动图成像方法的探讨

Study on Transthoracic Echocardiography in Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension Rats

目的探讨肺动脉高压大鼠超声心动图的基本成像与测量方法。方法选择6~8周龄健康雄性SD大鼠30只,通过慢性低氧诱导建立肺动脉高压模型。并通过检测右心室收缩压、肺组织病变情况、肺动脉血管壁厚度、肺动脉肌化程度来确认模型建立成功。水合氯醛(4%)腹腔注射麻醉。采用飞利浦公司i E33声诊断仪,探头频率12 MHz于胸骨左缘扫查,采集心脏超声图像,并进行心脏右室腔内径、右室壁厚度、肺动脉内径及左心功能的测量。并用采用配对样本t检验和独立样本t检验分析观察者内和观察者间的测量误差。结果 30只肺动脉高压大鼠中27(90%)例成功完成了超声图像的采集,胸骨旁左室长轴观、左室短轴观、主动脉弓长轴观、升主动脉长轴观、主动脉短轴观、肺动脉长轴观、心尖四腔观均可清晰显示,并顺利进行右室腔内径、右室壁厚度、肺动脉内径及左心功能的测量。3例大鼠在注射完水合氯醛后死亡,未能完成图像采集。统计结果显示观察者内和观察者间的重复性较好。结论超声心动图可以获得清晰的肺动脉高压大鼠的心脏结构的图像,可以用于评价肺动脉高压大鼠心脏疾病模型的心脏结构及功能。

Objective To investigate the basic imaging and measurement of pulmonary hypertension in rats. Methods 30 healthy male SD rats aged 6 ~ 8 weeks were selected to establish the model of pulmonary hypertension by chronic hypoxia. The success of the model was confirmed by the detection of right ventricular systolic pressure, pulmonary pathological changes, pulmonary artery wall thickness, and pulmonary artery muscle. Intraperitoneal injection of chloral hydrate（4%） was using the PHILPS i E33 acoustic diagnostic instrument, the probe frequency 12 MHz was scanned at the left edge of the sternum, and the heart ultrasound images were collected. The diameter of the right ventricular cavity, the thickness of the right ventricular wall, the diameter of the pulmonary artery and the left ventricular function were measured. The paired samples t test and independent sample t test were used to analyze the measurement error between the observer and the observer. Results 30 rats with pulmonary hypertension in 27 cases（90%） successfully completed the ultrasound image acquisition, parasternal long axis view and left ventricular short axis view, long axis view of the aortic arch and aortic long axis view, short axis view of aortic and pulmonary artery long axis view, apical four chamber view could be clearly displayed. And the smooth measurement of right ventricular diameter, right ventricular wall thickness, pulmonary artery diameter and left ventricular function. 3 rats died after injection of chloral hydrate and failed to complete image acquisition. The statistical results show that the repeatability between the observer and the observer is better. Conclusion Echocardiography can be used to evaluate the cardiac structure and function of rats with pulmonary hypertension.