北京八达岭林场水源涵养林结构与功能耦合机理研究

Coupling mechanism between stand structure and function of water conservation forest in Badaling forest farm, Beijing

以北京市八达岭林场水源涵养林4种主要森林类型(油松人工林、元宝枫人工林、黄栌人工林、辽东栎天然林)为研究对象,选取了林分郁闭度、生物量、混交度、角尺度等9个林分结构因子,通过主成分分析建立结构与功能的耦合关系模型,并对水源涵养林不同森林类型的生态功能进行评价。结果表明:辽东栎天然林的生态功能最优。水源涵养林的生态功能最优的林分具有起源为天然,异龄,混交林,郁闭度在0.6~0.8,林下灌草盖度较高、土壤厚度较大、林木空间结构良好等特点。研究结果旨在为研究区水源涵养林经营提供依据。

Four main forest types（Pinus tabuliformis plantation, Acer truncatum plantation, Cotinus coggygria plantation and Quercus liaotungensis natural forest） of water conservation forest in Badaling forest farm of Beijing were taken as research object, nine factors related to forest stand structure were selected to establish a coupling relation model of structure and function through principal component analysis（PCA）, including density, biomass, mingling degree, uniform angle and so on. Then the ecological function of different forest types of water conservation forest were evaluated through the model. Results showed that, ecological function of Quercus liaotungensis natural forest is Optimal. The water conservation forests with better ecological function are characterized： they originated from natural forests, they are mixed forests, the degrees of closure are between 0.6 to 0.8, their coverage of shrub and grass are higher, their soil thickness are higher and they have good stand spatial structure.The results will provide the basis for the management of water conservation forest in the study area.