不同林龄云杉林土壤持水性及影响因子分析

Analysis on Soil Retention and Impact Factors of Different Stand Age in Picea likiangensis var. linzhiensis Forest

研究了云杉(Picea likiangensis var.linzhiensis)林土壤持水特性,结合团聚体和有机质两个因子进行分析。结果表明,云杉林表层土壤团聚体以>5.00 mm的大颗粒为主,25年生云杉土壤>5.00 mm的颗粒占48.4%,B层占42.2%。2.00~5.00 mm颗粒数量A层(21.1%)>B层(18.9%)。40年生云杉林团聚体特点与25年生具有相同的规律特征。比较两个林龄A、B层团聚体特征,发现随着林龄增长,A、B层土壤团聚体,大颗粒含量有减少的趋势,但变化不太明显。25年和40年生林龄云杉林,土壤A、B层最大持水量A层高于B层(75.60%>40.43%;100.20%>61.30%),从林龄大小看,A、B层土壤最大持水量40年生均优于25年生云杉林。田间持水量也有上述规律出现。土壤有机质含量A层>B层。随着林龄增长,各层土壤有机质含量也呈现增加的趋势,土壤持水能力也表现出同样的变化规律。

Combining with the soil aggregates and organic matter, the Picea likiangensis var. linzhiensis forest soils retention characteristics was studied. The results showed that the P. likiangensis var. linzhiensis forest surface soil aggregate was given priority to with 〉5.00 mm large particles,born 25 years fir soil 〉5.00 mm particles accounted for 48.4%,B layer accounted tor 42.2%. 2.00-5.00mm particle number A layer （21.1%）〉B （18.9%）. 40 born P. likiangensis var. linzhiensis forest and the 25 years＇ had the same characteristics on soil aggregate. Compared A and B layer aggregate characteristics, it was found that with forest age growth,the larger particles of A and B layer soil aggregate had a tendency to reduce, but the change was not obvious. As for the soil maximum moisture of 25 year and 40 year P. l.ikiangensis var. linzhiensis forest, A layer above the B （75.60%〉40.43% ;100.20%〉61.30%）. From the forest age size,the A and B layer soil maximum moisture capacity of 40 year P. likiangensis var. linzhiensis forest was better than that of 25 years. Field capacity was also the same rule to A〉B layer of soil organic matter content. The soil organic of each layer increased with the forest age and soil water-holding capacity also showed the same change rule.