两种玛咖品种类型繁育种株农艺性状的差异性比较

Difference Comparison of Agronomic Traits of Two Breeding Strains of Maca

【目的】通过对红色玛咖、黄色玛咖两个品种类型农艺性状差异性对比,选择出农艺性状好,采收的籽粒品质高的玛咖,为新疆玛咖品种繁育提供理论依据。【方法】采用随机区组对比试验。【结果】黄色玛咖各个生育期比红色玛咖提前5~7 d,红色玛咖在基部叶片数、最大叶片长、株高、主薹高、薹数5项试验项上优于黄色玛咖,红色玛咖的冠径小于黄色玛咖约1 cm。红色玛咖的单株籽粒数大于黄色玛咖,单株籽粒重和千粒重均小于黄色品种。【结论】通过比较红色玛咖地上部分的各农艺性状都优于黄色玛咖。黄色玛咖生育期短。在所采收的玛咖种子籽粒性状方面,黄色玛咖种子的千粒重大于红色玛咖;单株籽粒数、单株籽粒重差异不显著。

[ Objective ] This study aims to compare differences in agronomic traits of two varieties of red and yellow maca and select strains with good agronomic traits and high quality for grain harvest in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for the varieties breeding of maca in our region. [ Method ] Using randomized block contrast experiment. [ Result] Each growth period of red maea was 5 to 7 days ahead of the yellow maca. Red maca was better than brown one in such five test items as basal leaf number, leaf length, plant height, main stem height and the number of sprouts. Crown diameter of red maca was about 1 cm smaller than that of yellow maca, but grain number per plant of red maca was more than that of yellow maca and kernel weight per plant and 1000 -grain weight were fewer than those of yellow maea. [ Conclusion] Through the comparison of maea aerial parts, red Maca agronomic character is superior to the yellow maca. Yellow maca has short growth period and big full bright color grains. In the aspect of maca seed characters, 1000 - grain weight of yellow maca is heavier than that of red maca; There is no significant difference in seed number and grain weight per plant.