家庭农场的环境相容、功能约束及破解路径:新制度经济学视角

The Environmental Compatibility,Functional Constraints and Crack Path of Family Farms: New Institutional Economics Perspective

从新制度经济学的视角,对家庭农场的环境相容性、功能约束及破解路径进行了分析。分析表明,家庭农场制度与环境具有较高的时间、空间、利益、激励、信息相容性,制度变迁的路径依赖性、土地契约的不完备性、外部效应的未有效补偿、边缘制度的不完善等因素约束了家庭农场功能的有效发挥。因此,应有效界定土地产权促进产权功能发挥,补偿外部效应的同时内部化外部成本,促进边缘制度创新以增强对核心制度的支撑,鼓励社会精英领办家庭农场并提高农户学习能力,从而促进家庭农场制度功能的有效发挥。

From the perspective of new institutional economics,the environmental compatibility,functional constraint and crack path of family farmsare analyzed.Analysis shows that the family farm system has highcompatibility with environment in time,space,interest,motivation andinformation,but the path dependency of institutional change,land license incompleteness,the externality without effective compensationandimperfection of the othersystems constrain the efficiency of the family farm.Therefore,we should identify the land property effectively to promote the function of property rights,compensate the externality while internalizing external costs,promote the other system innovation to support the core system,encourage social elite to lead family farm and improve farmers learning ability so as to promote the efficiency of the family farms.