《延恒履历》中曹氏永泰与曹雪芹关系考

Relationship between Yongtai of Cao's Family in Yanheng's Resume(延恒履历) and Cao Xueqin

延恒是内务府包衣尚氏家族的第九代。道光十八年,延恒参加了戊戌科会试,中该科三甲第四名。在《延恒履历》中,有"曾祖母氏曹,原任内务府会计司郎中讳永泰公女,诰封恭人"的记载。笔者对《延恒履历》中曹氏永泰进行了初步考查,初步看法是:1.曹氏永泰很有可能是曹雪芹家族的第六代,与曹雪芹是亲兄弟或者堂兄弟关系;2.清代晚期关于曹家与尚家关系密切的坊间传说属实,但传说中的尚家不是三藩之一的尚可喜后代,而是内务府包衣世家尚志杰后代;3.曹家从第六代起和其他内务府包衣一样,起名不再带有姓氏。我们迄今一直找不到有关曹雪芹的史籍方志记载,或因为曹雪芹已经改名或有另名的缘故。

Yongtai of Cao＇ s family in Yanheng＇ s Resume was investigated. It was found that he was most probably the sixth generation of Cao Xueqin＇ s family who was blood brothers or cousin of Cao Xueqin. The legend in the late Qing Dynasty that Cao＇ s family was closely related to Shang＇ s family was turned out to be true, but the Shang＇ s family was not the descendant of Shang Kexi who was one of the three feudatories but the descendant of Shang Shijie who was a servant in the Imperial Household Department. As other servant of the Department, Cao＇ s family did not have surname since the sixth generation. That we have not found the record about Cao Xueqin in his- torical records and local chronicles may because Cao Xueqin renamed himself or he had the other name.