鄂伦春族语言使用现状探析

Research on the Present Situation of Using Olunchun Language

鄂伦春语通过口耳相传的方式记载了本民族的历史文化,是建构世界语言多样性的重要组成部分。选择典型的聚居区作为定点,对鄂伦春人认知和使用本族语、汉语的现状进行调查。数据显示,因生产方式、人口、族际通婚、周边语言环境、语言态度等方面因素,黑河市及逊克县的鄂伦春族聚居区语言呈单向变异,鄂伦春语单语人已经不存在,双语人老龄化,语言材料的留存工作至为重要。

Olunchun language is an important component of linguistic diversity in the world, and it records the nation＇s history by means of word of mouth. This paper choose the typical inhabit areas as fixed-point and investigates the present situation where Olunchun people perceive and use native language and Chinese investigation. The following results can be told from the data as the following. On one hand, the language in the inhabit areas of Heihe and Xunke city presents one-way variation due to the influencing factors like production mode, population, cross-national marriage, peripheral language environment, etc., On the other, there no longer exist monolingual Olunchun users and bilingual people present aging trend, which make the work of retaining language materials important and urgent.