富勒批判的语言学解读

Linguistic Interpretation of Fuller's Critique

哈特的法律理论牢牢建立在日常语言分析方法的基础上,而富勒对哈特的批判也是建立在语言学的基础上。哈特"描述社会学"倾向一种静态的听者中心的语义学描述,忽视语言的互动性,容易产生"单向权威投射"法律观。而富勒认为,语言是一种交流过程,其形式源自于并且依赖于交流。通过语词进行交流涉及到激发另一个心灵的认知过程。在这一过程中,言说者承担一定的责任,这种责任在法律中构成"法的内在道德",道德使法律得以可能。

Hart＇s theory of law is firmly established on the basis of ordinary language analysis methods, while Fuller＇s critique of Hart＇ s theory is based on linguistic basis. Hart＇s ＂describing sociology＂ is a static semantic description with the listener as its central concern, which ignored the interactive nature of language, and finally results in the ＂one-way projection of authority＂ legal concept; but Fuller believes that language represents the essence of the object that is being communicated and its form is derived from and dependent on communication. Communication through words and expression involves the efforts to stimulate the cognitive process in another individual＇s soul, and in this process, the stating person bears some responsibility, which constitutes the ＂inner morality of law＂. In this sense, it is morality that makes law possible.