面向电子文件保存的统一元数据模型的构建

Construction of a Unified M etadata M odel for Electronic Records Preservation

元数据是电子文件管理的基本工具,在维护电子文件真实、完整、可用、可理解等方面的重要作用已经得到了广泛关注。目前,国际主流的与电子文件管理相关的元数据模型中,没有任何一个模型的设计初衷是面向电子文件保存的。与此同时,电子文件保存单位元数据管理的需求又在呼唤着统一模型的出现。本文以保护既有应用、支持持续管理、坚守专业原则、采用模块化设计思路等为原则,从业务逻辑、实体及其级次、实体关系等方面对ISO 23081、PREMIS、PRONOM模型予以分析、对比与整合,面向电子文件保存构建元数据模型,主要包括文件、技术环境、责任主体、业务、法规标准五个实体。该模型可以与现有主流模型建立映射,为支持文件保存机构设计元数据应用纲要提供统一的概念基础和体系框架。

Metadata is an essential tool for electronic records management and preservation; it has received high attention in maintaining the authenticity, integrity, usability of electronic records and enabling the understanding of information objects. Among the related metadata standards and guidelines, metadata models, which play the role of＇ meta-standards＇, can provide a basic framework for both the authorities and the organizations to develop concrete schemes. The most widely used metadata models in records and archives management field include recordkeeping metadata conceptual model of ISO 23081, preservation metadata model of PREMIS and technical environment information model of PRONOM. But none of them initially serves the purpose of the long-term preservation of electronic records, no matter which metadata model is applied in records preservation organizations, some kind of refinement, expansion or adjustment is always needed. This paper aims at building a unified metadata model for electronic records preservation through analyzing, comparing and integrating the metadata models of ISO 23081, PREMIS and PRONOM. As an