资源禀赋约束、要素替代与诱致性技术变迁——以中国粮食生产的机械化为例

Endowment Restriction,Factor Substitution and Induced Technological Innovation:A Case Research on the Grain Producing Mechanization in China

本研究阐释了资源禀赋约束条件决定的要素替代难度对农户要素替代的影响机制,利用全国分省1993—2010年的面板数据、耕地坡度卫星遥感数据进行了实证检验。研究表明,劳动力成本上升会促使农户利用机械替代劳动,但地形条件会对这一过程的实现形成显著影响。平原地区耕地坡度低、机械易于替代劳动是其机械化进程快于丘陵山区的重要原因。研究丰富了诱致性技术变迁理论,其结论对促进我国农业机械化进程具有重要政策涵义。

This study explains the influence mechanism of the difficulty of factor substi- tution which is constrained by resources endowment on factor substitution, using 1993-2010 panel data of national provinces, satellite remote sensing data of slope of cultivated land to take the empirical test. Studies show that rising labor costs will get farmers use machinery to replace labor, but significantly affected by the terrain conditions. The machine is easy to replace labor on the plain because of the low slop of land, which make the mechanization process faster than hilly. Research enriches the induced technological innovation theory, and has important policy implications.