从易卜生到布莱希特——20世纪80年代中国话剧的历史转型

From Ibsen to Brecht:Historical Transformation of Chinese Drama in the 1980s

作为"舶来品",话剧艺术自19世纪末、20世纪初传入中国,经历了艰难的求索过程,至"五四"时代,广泛地接受了易卜生的现实主义戏剧美学观念,并对其后的话剧产生了深刻影响。20世纪70年代末至80年代初,随着社会变革而来的是戏剧观念的变革,中国的戏剧家们由易卜生转向布莱希特,从戏剧美学观念、戏剧结构以及"陌生化"效果等方面,体现出对布莱希特戏剧艺术的认同,也使20世纪80年代的话剧呈现出不同的审美特质。

As an ＂imported＂ object, modem drama art was introduced into China since the early 19th century and the late 20th century. Having experienced a difficult search process, to the May Fourth era, it widely accepted Ibsen＇s realism drama aesthetic concepts, which had a profound influence on the subsequent drama. Around the late 1970s and the early 80s, along with the social change came the change of drama concepts, and the Chinese dramatists turned from Ibsen to Brecht, which acknowledges his theatre aesthetic concepts, structures, and effect of ＂defamiliarization＂, thus presenting a different aesthetic characteristics of drama in the 1980s.