金属有机骨架MIL-101的合成、改性及在催化反应中的应用进展

Progress in synthesis,modification and catalytic application of metal-organic frameworks MIL-101

MIL-101除了具备其他金属-有机骨架MOFs材料的孔隙率和比表面积高、微孔尺寸可调和结构易功能化等特点外,与大多数MOFs材料不同,MIL-101的水热稳定性高,使其在催化领域得到了广泛应用。详细介绍了MIL-101的合成方法研究进展情况及合成过程的影响因素,综述了负载活性组分、原位合成和后修饰改性等改性MIL-101材料近年来在催化领域应用的最新进展。最后指出水热合成法存在工艺繁杂、有机废液多、收率较低等问题,干胶转化法以其特有的优势为MIL-101的工业化生产提供了可能;MIL-101作为催化剂本身酸性位较弱、化学活性中心单一,提高MIL-101的酸强度、嵌入具有催化性能的有机配体等改性设计是拓展其在催化领域应用的发展趋势。

MIL-101 is a typical metal-organic frameworks. MIL-101,like the other metal-organic frameworks（MOFs）is a material with high porosity,large surface area,adjustable micro-pore size,and easy functional structure. Contrary to the most MOFs,MIL-101 has a high hydrothermal stability. All of the characteristics collectively make MIL-101 a good candidate for a catalyst support. In this paper,the synthesis methods of MIL-101 materials have been reviewed with a discussion on the influencing factors. We also summarize the recent advances related to the application of the MIL-101 materials modified by supporting catalytic active components,synthesis in-situ and post-modification in catalysis. For the hydrothermal synthesis method,there are considerable challenges including complex process,low product yield and large amount of organic liquid wastes. The dry gel conversion synthesis method has the advantages of high product yield and high product purity over the hydrothermal synthesis method and has potential in industrial implementation. The drawbacks of MIL-101 are that it has a weak acidity and only one single chemical active site. The development trend of MIL-101 materials in the catalytic applications is in the improvement of catalytic performance by increasing acidity and grafting organic ligands with catalytic function to MIL-101.