基于F-AHP法的城郊型森林公园声景观评价研究

Soundscape Evaluation of Suburban Forest Park based on F-AHP

应用模糊层次分析法(F-AHP法),通过正反面声景观评价,涵盖水声景、风声景、动物声景、游憩声景、人工声景、雨噪声、风噪声、雷噪声、人工噪声等9个二级指标和19个三级指标构建城郊型森林公园声景观评价体系,并以福州国家森林公园为例,研究正反方面声景观因素对森林公园声景观的影响大小。结果表明,福州国家森林公园声景观综合评价结果为较好IV。正面声景观评价为较好IV,负面声景观评价为很差I。二级指标中:水声景、风声景、动物声景和游憩声景4者的评价结果皆为较好IV,人工声景、风噪声和雷噪声为一般III,雨噪声为较差II,人工噪声为很差I。提出合理开发自然声景观资源,调节游憩声景和人工声景,利用掩生手法减弱噪声影响的建议。

By using fuzzy analytic hierarchy process （F - AHP method） , and through positive and nega- tive evaluation on 9 second level indexes of which water soundscape, wind soundscape, animal sounds- cape, recreation soundscape, artificial soundscape, rain noise, wind noise, thunder noise and artificial noise, and 19 third level indexes soundscape, this paper constructed the suburban forest park acoustic environment evaluation system. Took Fuzhou National Forest Park as an example, the influence of posi- tive and negative factors on forest park acoustic environment has been studied. The results showed that the forest park soundseape comprehensive evaluation result is good, IV; positive soundscape is good, IV; negative soundscape is poor, I; water soundscape, wind soundscape, animal soundscape and recreation soundscape are Good, IV; artificial soundscape, wind noise and ray noise are general, III; rain noise is poor, II; artificial noise is very poor, I. Therefore, this paper carried out suggestions for rational exploi- tation of natural soundseape resource, adjusting recreation soundscape, reducing noise etc.