西夏医方“合香杂制剂”破译考释初探

Preliminary Attempts of Research on Decoding and Explanation of Medical Preparation of Mixed Aromatic Herbs of Xi-xia Medical Prescription

对俄藏黑水城西夏医方"合香杂制剂"中西夏文字"(?)、(?)、(?)((?))"分别仿汉字"香、麝、兰"字,且均对应"香"字进行破译考证;检索查阅传世医学文献中相关方药并探析考释其源流。得出结论,西夏医方中药名大多仿汉文中谐音字,或多字仿一字,或一字多义用;西夏医方多与传世医学文献相关,"合香杂制剂"虽非沿用中原医方,但其所制深受中原医方药物影响。

Based on the decipherment and research that Xi-xia words ＂（？）、（？）、（？）（（？）＂ in the Xi-xia medical prescription Medical Preparation of Mixed Aromatic Herbs of Karakhoto Site kept in Russia, imitate respectively Chinese characters＂香、麝、兰 ＂（ fragrance, musk, orchid）, and that all the three words correspond to the character＂香＂ （fragrance）, basing on retrieval and consultation of related prescriptions in classic medical documents. Also on the research, analysis and explanation on their sources, this paper concludes that names of Chinese medicines in the Xi-xia medical prescriptions mostly imitate homophonic Chinese characters, by either a few words imitating one same character or one character used for a few different meanings. And medical prescriptions of Xi-xia are often related to classic medical documents. Advent of Medical Preparation of Mixed Aromatic Herbs is deeply influenced by, although not copying, the medicines of Central Plain medical prescriptions.