2014年中山市户籍人口急性心脑血管事件调查

Acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events in household population in Zhongshan City,2014

目的掌握中山市户籍人口急性心脑血管疾病发病水平、人群分布等流行病学特征,为制定急性心脑血管疾病防控对策、开展防控效果评价提供基线数据。方法通过中山市2014年内所有有诊断急性心脑血管事件能力的医疗机构和国家死因登记报告系统,收集户籍人口急性心脑血管事件的社会人口学特征和疾病信息等现况。结果户籍人口急性心脑血管事件病例9 885例,其中医疗机构收集7 734例(78.24%),死因登记报告系统收集2 151例(21.76%)。户籍人口急性心脑血管事件年龄标化发病率为594.3/10万(以2010年全国第六次人口普查年龄标化数据进行标化),其中心源性猝死年龄标化发病率为1.8/10万,急性心梗年龄标化发病率为100.4/10万,脑卒中年龄标化发病率为445.3/10万;急性心脑血管事件发病率男性高于女性,男女发病率比为1.77:1;脑卒中发病率高于急性心梗发病率,发病率比为4.1:1;急性心血管事件院前死亡率高于急性脑卒中院前死亡率,心源性猝死院前死亡率高达85.19%,急性心梗院前死亡率为48.82%;脑卒中病例以缺血性脑卒中为主,缺血性脑卒中占80.6%,出血性脑卒中占19.0%;急性心脑血管事件最高发的月份是1月份;45岁以后急性心脑血管事件发病占总发病人数的95.99%。结论年龄和性别对中山市户籍人口急性心脑血管事件发病率影响较大,应针对重点人群开展危险因素专题调查和健康干预,最终降低急性心血管事件的发病率和致死致残率。

Objective To investigate the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular e- vents among household population in Zhongshan City so as to provide the baseline data for formulating prevention and control strategies for acute cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases and evaluating prevention and control effectiveness. Methods We collected the social demographic characteristics and disease information of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events from all medical institutions with the ability to diagnose acute cardiac and cerebral vascular diseases in Zhongshan City in 2014 and from national death-cause registration report system. Results A total of 9,885 cases of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events were collected among the household population, including 7,734 （78.24% ） cases from the medical institutions and 2,151 （21.76%） from the national death-cause registration report system. The age standardized incidence rate of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events in the household population was 594.3/100,000 （standardized by the age data according to the Sixth National Census in 2010） , of which the age standardized incidence rates of sudden cardiac death （SCD ） , acute myocardial infarction （AMI） and cerebral apoplexy were 1.8/100,000, 100.4/100,000 and 445.3/100,000 respectively. The incidence rate of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events was higher in males than in females, and the incidence ratio of male to female was 1.77：1. The incidence rate of cerebral apoplexy was higher than that of acute myocardial infarction, and the incidence ratio was 4.1 ： 1. The pre-hospital death rate of acute cardiovascular events was higher than that of cerebral apoplexy. The incidence rate of pre-hospital sudden cardiac death was as high as 85.19%, while the mortality rate of acute myocardial infarction was 48.82%. Most of the cerebral apoplexy cases were ischemic stroke （80.6%） , and hemorrhagic stroke accounted for 19.0%. The acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events were most likely to occur in January, and 95.99% cases were over 45 years old. Conclusions The incidence rate of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events in household population in Zhongshan City is influenced significantly by gender and age. We should focus on finding out the possible risk factors and taking corresponding health intervention in the key population so as to eventually reduce the morbidity, mortality and disability rate of acute cardiac and cerebral vascular events.