贺州市86例14岁以下艾滋病致孤儿童生活现状调查分析

Living status of 86 AIDS-induced orphans under the age of 14 in Hezhou City

目的了解贺州市两区三县14岁以下艾滋病致孤儿童的生活、社会救助、健康保障等现状。方法采用自制自评量表以及访谈的方式获得86名艾滋病致孤儿童的主观满意度评价。通过民政部门获得他们所在家庭的领取救助情况。结果贺州市大部分艾滋病孤儿是以家庭寄养的方式生活在有血缘关系的亲戚家,但是这样的抚养方式还是让24.42%的调查对象称生活不够稳定,并有20.93%的调查对象不满意现在的生活。在政府救助和医疗保障方面,政府救助覆盖了所有接受调查的对象家庭。91.86%的调查对象参加了医疗保险,参加接种国家免费疫苗达到100%。96.51%的调查对象接受过1次以上健康体检,76.74%的调查对象还每年接受1次体检。调查对象除1例患"肌萎缩"、1例患"皮痒"、2例"鼻炎"外,其他儿童未有常见疾病及传染病。结论贺州市艾滋病致孤儿童在当地政府、社会组织的关心扶持下,艾滋病致孤儿童生活、教育得到了有力保障,身心都保持健康。综合抚养模式可能有利于艾滋病致孤儿童生活更稳定、更有保障。

Objective To investigate the current status of life, social assistance and medical insurance of orphans caused by AIDS under the age of 14 in 2 districts and 3 counties of Hezhou City. Methods The subjective satisfaction rates of 86 orphans caused by AIDS were evaluated by the self-rating scale and interviews, and the situation of their families to receive assistance was obtained from the civil affairs department. Results The majority of AIDS-induced orphans in Hezhou City were raised by blood relatives, but 24.42% of the respondents said such mode of family fosterage resulted in their unstable life, and 20.93% of the respondents were not satisfied with their present life. As for government assistance and medical insurance, the government assistance covered all of the surveyed families. 91.86% of the respondents participated in medical insurance, 100% received national free vaccines, 96.51% underwent more than one medical check-up, and 76.74% took a physical examination every year. No common diseases and infectious diseases were found in all the surveyed children except 1 case of muscle atrophy, 1 skin itch and 2 cases of rhinitis. Conclusions With the concern and support of the local government and social organizations, the life and education of children orphaned by AIDS in Hezhou City get effective guarantee, and all of them maintain a healthy body and mind. The comprehensive fosterage mode may be conducive to providing a more stable and secure life for AIDS-induced orphans.