无刷直流电机矢量控制策略与实现

Vector control strategy of brushless DC motor and realization

针对无刷直流电机采用传统驱动控制方式存在的电能利用率低、转矩脉动大、噪声高等问题,分析了电机出现这些现象的原因,给出了一种基于矢量控制正弦波驱动无刷直流电机的控制方法,并研制了磁场定向控制无刷直流电机控制系统。该系统以STM32F103VE控制器为核心,设计了逆变驱动、过压过流检测与保护等硬件电路,并给出了软件控制策略。实验结果表明,与传统的方波换相方式相比,矢量控制可使换相电流波动下降52%,降低了电机的转矩脉动和运行噪声,适用于如空调、抽油烟机等对运行噪声比较敏感的设备,有较高的应用价值。

Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, torque ripple and noise problem of brushless DC motor driven by traditional control method, the reasons for these phenomena were analyzed, a novel kind of sinusoidal wave drive strategy based on the vector control was pro- posed for BLDC and the brushless DC motor control system was developed. Inverter driving circuit, protection circuits for overvoltage as well as overcurrent and other hardware circuit were designed at the core of STM32F103VE controller. The results indicate that compared to six- step commutation method, vector control can decrese the fluctuation of the commutation current by 52%, alleviate torque ripple and reduce running noise, which is quite suitable for equipments sensitive to running noise, such as air conditioner, kitchen ventilator. Thus, it has high application value.