山西票号近代化转型失败的原因和教训

On the Failure and Lessons of Shanxi Draft Bank's Modern Transformation

从道光初年山西票号建立到20世纪20年代的百余年,山西票号汇通天下,声名国内外,一度执彼时金融界之牛耳。然而在近代化转型的过程中,盛极一时的山西票号却最终在内忧外患的动荡时局之下没能逃脱退出历史舞台的命运。山西票号近代化转型的失败,除了有其自身经营管理上封建性的束缚,竞争对手的挤兑以及当时动荡的时局影响等微观因素外,更重要的是还有当时的宏观政治环境对转型的影响。作为中国传统金融典范的山西票号,纵观其兴衰演变的全过程,它近代化转型的失败有诸多值得引以为戒的教训。

There are more than one hundred years from early years of Daoguang to the time when Shanxi Draft Bank was established to the 1920s. During this time, Shanxi Draft Bank Huitong had a reputation at home and abroad. However, in the process of modern transformation, Shanxi Draft Bank eventually failed to escape the fate of quitting the arena of history under domestic strife and foreign aggression. The failure of Shanxi Draft Bank modern transformation, not only has many micro factors such as its own management on feudal bondage, pressure from competitors and influence from turbulent times, but also has more important macro political factor influencing the transformation of Shanxi Draft Bank. Shanxi Draft Bank, as a traditional Chinese financial model, the failure of its modern transformation has many warning lessons throughout the whole process of its rise and fall of evolution.