公益信托的公益属性及其影响分析

Analysis of Charitable Attribution and Its Impact in Charitable Trust

公益信托作为目的信托的一种,其合法存在的基础就是其绝对的公益属性。因其公益属性而衍生出了许多独特的制度和原则。如公益信托不存在受益人而仅存在受给权人、公益信托独特的近似原则都源于公益目的这个核心。尽管英美法系国家的慈善信托与大陆法系国家的公益信托在制度上为适应各自的法律环境有所不同,但在公益属性方面保持着高度的一致性,也就有着相同的本质。通过从公益属性这一角度来分析公益信托的各项特殊制度,才能正确理解特殊制度间的有机联系以及公益信托与一般信托理论之间的关系。

As one sort of purpose trust, the legal basis of charitable trust is the charitable attribution. Some special principles and institution, such as no the judgment creditor replacing the beneficiary and the cy-pres doctrine are derived from the charitable attribution. In spite of different legal environments between common law states and civil law states, the basis of charitable trust are same. The charitable attribution is the key to understand charitable trust.