国外导航卫星的反射信号在海洋遥感中的应用分析

Analysis on the Application of Global Navigation Satellite Reflected Signals in Ocean Remote Sensing

为了详细了解国外导航卫星反射信号(GNSS-R)新技术在海洋遥感方面的研究进展,在外文文献调研的基础上,详细阐述了GNSS-R的反射率和双基雷达两种方法在海洋监测应用的遥感技术原理,介绍了海面风场遥感、海冰遥感和海面测高等方面的的理论模型和方法。高空间分辨率和高时间分辨率是导航卫星反射信号在海洋中应用的最大优势。虽然GNSS-R的海洋气象要素反演技术只有十几年的发展历史,但是它已经在海洋天气预报和全球气候变化等领域显示出广阔的应用前景和巨大潜力,未来必将成为海洋大气探测的重要技术手段。

This paper introduces the research progress of the application of Global Navigation Satellite Reflected Signals（GNSS-R） in ocean remote sensing based on the detailed overseas reference studying. Two methods of Navigation Satellite Reflected Signals applied in ocean monitoring are described： the Reflect Signal Reflectivity Method and Bistatic Radar Method. Moreover, the theoretic model and method are presented for sea surface wind and sea ice remote sensing and sea surface height measuring. High spatial and temporal resolutions are the most obvious advantages of GNSS-R in marine applications. It can be concluded that GNSS-R have shown broad prospect and great potential in the fields of ocean weather forecast and global climate change monitoring. In the future, it will become an important technique for ocean-atmosphere detecting and monitoring.