煤炭精准开采科学构想

Scientific conception of precision coal mining

新世纪互联网+及智能化发展势头强劲,在总结煤炭开采历史及科技发展趋势的基础上,思考了煤炭开采如何应对新一轮科技创新的到来,针对我国煤炭开采面临的挑战和机遇,提出了煤炭精准开采的科学构想。煤炭精准开采是基于透明空间地球物理和多物理场耦合,以智能感知、智能控制、物联网、大数据云计算等作支撑,将不同地质条件的煤炭开采扰动影响、致灾因素、开采引发生态环境破坏等统筹考虑,时空上准确高效的煤炭少人(无人)智能开采与灾害防控一体化的未来采矿新模式。煤炭精准开采可显著提高煤炭安全开采自动化、智能化、信息化水平,实现煤炭工业由劳动密集型向具有高科技特点的技术密集型转变。本文凝练了煤炭精准开采的7个关键科学问题和八个主要研究方向,为实现互联网+科学开采的未来少人(无人)采矿提出了技术路径。

As the Internet plus era and intelligence development are intensified in the new century,this research investigates how coal mining copes with the advent of a new round of science and technology innovation by summarizing the history of coal mining and the technological development trends therein.A scientific concept of precise coal mining is proposed to meet the challenges and opportunities facing coal mining in China.By means of technologies including intellisense,intelligent control,the Internet of Things,cloud computing and big data,precise coal mining is proposed as a new future mining mode integrating intelligent mining technique with few workers（ unmanned）,and disaster prevention and control.This mode is based on transparent spaces and geophysics,as well as multi-field coupling to achieve spatialtemporal accuracy and efficiency.It is able to comprehensively consider factors relating mining under different geological conditions,including mining influences,relevant factors inducing disasters,and ecological destruction caused by exploitation： it is able to enhance the automatisation,intelligentisation,and informatization levels of safe coal production which promotes the transformation of the coal industry from a labor-intensive,to a technology-intensive sector. The research proposes seven key scientific problems and eight major research directions for coal mining and therefore directs the technology route for future science-based mining with few people（ unmanned） in the Internet plus era.