氮肥水平对辣椒产量和品质的影响

Effect of nitrogen levels on yield and quality of pepper

【目的】探明辣椒生长适宜的氮肥施用量,采用盆栽方式,研究了不同氮肥施用量对辣椒产量及品质的影响.【方法】试验设置5个氮肥水平,不施肥(CK)为对照,T1~T4依次按氮肥理论利用率的30%、40%、50%和60%进行施肥.【结果】施氮处理对辣椒的产量和品质具有显著影响,单株果数、产量、可溶性蛋白含量及可溶性糖含量显著高于CK处理,其中T3处理的产量最高,品质最好,随着施氮量的增加,产量呈先增后减的现象,增产率分别达到77.4%、112.1%、185.0%和145.0%.T3的单果质量和维生素C含量显著高于其他处理,T_1、T_2及T_4的VC含量与CK无显著差异.通过二次曲线模拟,得到施氮量与产量之间的数学模型,即y=-2.167x^2+149.269x+1 687.711,R2=0.907,当施氮量x为34.44kg/667m^2时,产量y达到最大,为4 252.2kg/667m^2.【结论】综合产量和品质,在该栽培条件下,T3处理为辣椒的适宜施氮量.

[Objective] In order to determine the optimum quantity of nitrogen fertilizer during the peri- od of pepper growth,the yield and quality in different fertilizer treatments were studied in the experiment using pot experiments. [Method] Five treatments were designed including no fertilizer as control （CK）, T1- T4 designed according to 30%,40%, 50% and 60% of theoretical nitrogen use efficiency. [Result] The re- sults indicated that there was obvious effects of nitrogen levels on pepper yield and quality. The fruit num- ber per plant, yield, soluble protein content and soluble sugar content were significantly higher than those of CK. The T3 treatment had the highest yield and the best quality. The yield increased firstly and then de- creased with nitrogen increase. The increasing rate of pepper was 77. 4%, 112. 1%, 185.0% and 145. 0%, respectively. The single fruit weight and vitamin C content of T3 was significantly higher than other treat- ments. The difference in vitamin C content of T1, T2 and T4 was not significant from that of CK. By the quadratic curve fitting, the mathematical model between nitrogen application rate and yield was obtained as y=-2. 167x2 ＋149. 269x＋1 687. 711 ,R2=0. 907. The highest yield was 4 252. 2 kg/667m2 at nitrogen ap- plication rate of 34. 44 kg/667m2. [Conclusion] From this experiment, the treatment of T3 was better for pepper based on the yield and quality.