中国新发蜱媒病原体概况

Emerging tick borne agents in China

蜱媒病原体持续危害全球健康,我国蜱种丰富、分布广泛,蜱媒传染病发病较多。大多数蜱媒传染病的临床症状不典型,在临床上容易被误诊和漏诊。现代分子技术的应用极大地提高了新发蜱传病原体的鉴别能力和临床诊断能力,使得人们对病原体的认知水平不断提高。本文针对我国近年来流行较为广泛的几种新发蜱媒病原体:伯氏疏螺旋体、无形体、埃立克体、发热伴血小板减少综合征新布尼亚病毒、斑点热群立克次体以及巴贝西原虫进行综述,描述其在媒介蜱、动物宿主和人类的感染分布情况。

Tick-borne agents continue to threaten human health globally. In China, the diversity and geographical distribution of ticks have associated with high incidence of tick borne infectious diseases. However, their non-specific clinical manifestations have presented a major diagnostic challenge, since most physicians do not recognize the disease. Advances in and application of modern molecular techniques have facilitated the identification of emerging tick-borne pathogens and improved laboratory diagnosis of human infections as well as our knowledge on the tick borne infectious disease. This paper reviews the recent and prevalent emerging tick-borne pathogens in China, including Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma species, Ehrlichia species, severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome novel bunyavirus, spotted fever group rickettsiae and Babesia species. It also provides their distribution in ticks, animal host and describes the clinical characteristics in patients.