北宋黄河河患与城市的迁移

River Flood-prevention in the Northern Song Dynasty and City Relocation

北宋时期黄河水系决溢频繁,给两岸的城市带来了巨大的水患威胁。面对严重的城市水患,北宋不同于以往的是更多地采用"迁城避水"的方法来彻底解决问题,为后世应对城市水患树立了典范。本文以北宋黄河经流区域为线索,分京东故道、北流诸道、黄河中下游稳固河道及漳河两岸三个区域对北宋迁城避水的情况进行论述,以期恰当展现北宋应对城市水患之一面,为当今城市规划建设之借鉴。

In the Northern Sung Dynasty, water hazards became server menace to cities by its shores. Different from previous dynasties, the Northern Sung Dynasty encouraged cities to relocate to another place so as to avoid the flooding and solve the river flood threats completely, which became a mirror of dealing with water hazards. This article mainly discusses countermeasures such as relocating cities taken by the zones the Yellow River running through. The zones we discussed including former JingDong riverway, riverways running towards north, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and shores of Zhang River. This article intends to properly show how the Northern Sung Dynasty dealing with water hazards, which Gould be lessons of city planning in nowadays