数量折扣契约下基于成本分担的供应链突发事件协调应对

Coordinating Supply Chain under Disruption with Quantity Discount Contract Incorporating Cost Sharing

突发事件会增加供应链成本,如何进行成本分担是决定供应链能否协调应对突发事件的重要因素.用参数分别描述市场需求剧增时增加的生产成本和市场需求剧减时发生的多余产品处理成本,在数量折扣契约基础上,研究突发事件发生后制造商的最优批发价格和零售商的最优订货量,分析其影响因素比较突发事件发生前后包括市场剧增与市场剧减两种情况下的差异,并给出了数值算例.结果表明,成本分担系数和市场需求分布及其变化都会影响最优批发价格和最优订货量,只要根据市场需求变化相应调整契约参数并合理分担由突发事件增加的成本,通过数量折扣契约供应链就能够协调应对突发事件.

The cost of supply chain will increase in case of disruption.So,how to share the additional cost is one of the most important factors deciding whether the supply chain can coordinate disruption.This paper investigates the optimal wholesale price and optimal ordering quantity and hereby analyzes the influence factors on the base of the quantity discount contract by introducing the parameters,which respectively describes the added production cost when the market demand goes up rapidly and the added processing cost while the market demand goes down rapidly.Then,the parameters before and after the disruption,the case of when the market demand increases sharply and that of drastic reduction,are compared.Finally,it gives a numerical example.It finds that both the coefficient of cost sharing and the distribution of market demand would influence the wholesale price and optimal ordering quantity.Consequently,as long as the contract parameters are adjusted and the added cost from the disruption is shared rationally according to changes of market demand,the quantity discount contract can realize supply chain coordination under disruption.