高龄双胎孕妇妊娠压力水平调查及其影响因素分析

Pregnancy stress and its influencing factors among didymous elderly pregnant women

目的 :调查高龄双胎孕妇妊娠压力水平并分析其影响因素。方法 :采用妊娠压力量表(36-item Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale,PSRS36)、领悟社会支持量表(Perceived Social Support Scale,PSSS)、简易应对方式问卷(Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire,SCSQ)和一般资料调查表对168例高龄双胎孕妇进行问卷调查。结果:孕妇压力总分为(50.54±16.92)分,领悟社会支持总分为(69.68±9.05)分,积极应对为(1.88±0.50)分,消极应对为(1.10±0.48)分;领悟社会支持各维度、积极应对与妊娠压力呈显著负相关,消极应对与妊娠压力呈正相关。妊娠合并症、消极应对、领悟社会支持能够解释妊娠压力得分变异量的55.1%。结论 :本研究中高龄双胎孕妇妊娠压力处于中等水平,护理人员应大力加强产前教育,针对高龄双胎孕妇具体情况进行护理和指导,从而降低高龄双胎孕妇的妊娠压力,更好地帮助高龄双胎孕妇顺利度过妊娠期及分娩期。

Objective： To explore the level of pregnancy stress and its influencing factors among didymous elderly pregnant women. Methods： Totally 168 didymous elderly pregnant women who took part in the antenatal examination were recruited and investigated using 36-item Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, and demographic questionnaire. Results： The mean scores of pregnancy stress, perceived social support, positive coping, and negative coping were 50.54±16.92, 69.68±9.05, 1.88±0.50, and 1.10±0.48, respectively. Dimensions of perceived social support and positive coping were significantly negatively correlated with pregnancy stress. Negative coping was positively correlated with pregnancy stress. Pregnancy complications, negative coping, and perceived social support could explain 55.1% of the pregnancy stress variance. Conclusion： Didymous elderly pregnant women were at a moderate level of pregnancy pressure. Nurses should vigorously strengthen prenatal education and provide targeted nursing and guidance for didymous elderly pregnant women to reduce their pregant pressure and help them get through pregnancy and childbirth stages.