鼠诺如病毒感染免疫研究进展

Research progress of murine norovirus infection and immunity

人诺如病毒（Norovirus,NoV）是杯状病毒家族的成员,可引起以恶心、呕吐、腹痛和腹泻为主要临床症状的急性胃肠炎.NoV全球流行,可感染所有年龄阶段的人群,造成了严重的疾病负担.由于缺乏合适的小动物模型,人类对NoV的感染免疫和致病机理还缺乏了解.鼠诺如病毒（Murine norovirus,MNV）最初在免疫缺陷的小鼠中分离得到,在小鼠中可感染和流行,为研究NoV感染引发的宿主肠道免疫机制提供了替代模型.本研究从固有免疫和适应性免疫两方面来阐述.

Human norovirus （NoV） is a member of the calicivirus family,can cause nausea,vomiting,abdominal pain and diarrhea as the main clinical symptoms of acute gastroenteritis.Human norovirus infection can be popular in the world,all ages,causing serious burden of disease.Due to the lack of suitable small animal models,there is still a lack of understanding of human immune to norovirus infection and pathogenesis.Murine norovirus （MNV） was originally isolated in immune deficient mice,and causes infection and epidemic in mice.MNV provides an alternative model to study human norovirus infection and the host intestinal immune mechanism.This article will elaborate on two aspects of innate immunity and adaptive immunity.