自我效能感在妊娠压力和产前抑郁关系中的中介效应

Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy on Association between Pregnancy Pressure and Antenatal Depression

目的探讨孕妇的自我效能感在妊娠压力和产前抑郁关系中的中介效应。方法 2015年10月至2016年1月,便利抽样选取产科门诊接受产检的289名孕妇,运用妊娠压力量表(pregnancy pressure scale,PPS)、一般自我效能感问卷(general self-efficacy scale,GSES)和爱丁堡产后抑郁量表(Edinburgh postpartum depression scale,EPDS)进行调查,利用中介效应检验法来研究各变量之间的效应关系。结果孕妇承受的妊娠压力普遍处于中等水平;妊娠压力对产前抑郁水平具有直接影响;自我效能感在妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响过程中具有中介作用,中介效应占总效应的8.44%(均P<0.05)。结论孕妇的自我效能感在妊娠压力对产前抑郁的影响中起到部分中介作用,对妊娠期妇女的心理护理应以减轻妊娠压力为导向,以自我效能理论为基础,通过提高孕妇的保健知识和自我认知水平,来全面改善孕妇的心理健康状况。

Objective To explore the mediating effect of self-efficacy on association between pregnancy pressure and antenatal depression.Methods By convenience sampling, 289 pregnant women were selected and investigated by using pregnancy pressure scale （PPS）, general self-efficacy scale （GSES） and Edinburgh postpartum depression scale （EPDS）. Effect relationships among the variables were classified through the mediating effect method.Results Pregnancy pressure of pregnant women is generally at a medium level; pregnant pressure had a direct influence on the level of antenatal depression; self-efficacy mediated the relations between pregnant pressure and prenatal depression, with the mediation effects accounting for 8.44% of total effect （p〈0.05）.Conclusions General self-efficacy of pregnant women has part mediating effect to influence on the association between pregnant pressure and antenatal depression.Psychological care for women during pregnancy should be oriented on stress relief and based on self-efficacy theory to improve health status of pregnant women though making progress in both health knowledge and self-awareness.