胃肠肿瘤患者术后进食与早期肠梗阻的关系及护理

The Relationship between Postoperative Diet of Gastrointestinal Tumor Patients and Early Intestinal Obstruction and Targeted Nursing

目的分析胃肠肿瘤患者术后饮食与术后早期肠梗阻的关系,并制定有针对性的护理措施以预防早期肠梗阻的发生。方法便利抽样选取某省级肿瘤医院2011年1月至2015年6月期间住院的胃肠肿瘤术后发生肠梗阻的患者73例为观察组,同时选取同期住院的80例胃肠肿瘤术后未发生肠梗阻患者作为对照组,对观察组及对照组术后饮食种类、饮食方式及对饮食知识的掌握进行比较。结果观察组患者术后进食难消化食物、水果、过量饮食、饮食时未充分咀嚼食物的人数均多于对照组,对饮食知识掌握人数少于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论胃肠肿瘤患者术后进食种类、进食方式、对饮食知识的掌握与术后早期肠梗阻有关,提示护士要不断强化与改进对患者的饮食宣教和管理,防范因进食不当所致术后肠梗阻的发生。

Objective To analyze the relationship between postoperative diet of gastrointestinal tumor patients and early postoperative intestinal obstruction, so as to develop targeted nursing intervention methods to prevent early postoperative intestinal obstruction.Methods By convenience sampling, 73 gastrointestinal tumor patients admitted from Jan 2011 to Jun 2016 were enrolled as observation group.The 80 other patients in hospital of same period without early postoperative intestinal obstruction were selected as control group.The diets, eating habits and dietary knowledge were compared between two groups. Results The number of patients in the observation group who eat indigestible food, fruits, overeat and do not chew thoroughly all exceed those in the control group, and had less diet knowledge than control group （all P〈0.01）.Conclusions The diets, eating habits and dietary knowledge are highly associated with the occurrence of early postoperative intestinal obstruction that requires nurses to emphasis and improve the guidance and management on the diet of patients to avoid early postoperative intestinal obstruction caused by improper diet.