A-1-A轴式机车轴重转移的计算与分析

Axle Load Transfer Calculation and Analysis of Type A-1-A Locomotive

推导了A-1-A轴式机车的轴重转移和理想牵引高度的计算方程,由此对DF4C机车、某A-1-A轴式试验机车及DF4的轴重转移进行了计算和分析,并通过单一变量法分析了各参数对A-1-A轴式机车黏着利用率的影响。经计算,A-1-A轴式机车的黏着利用率随着轴重、轴距、一系刚度、电动机偏距等参数的增大而逐渐增大,随轮周牵引力、牵引中心高度、二系悬挂组间距、二系刚度、车轮直径等参数的增大而减小,而牵引拉杆长度、转向架中心距及车体总长等对A-1-A轴式机车黏着利用率的影响很小。A-1-A轴式机车的理想牵引高度H0=0,且存在最佳车钩高Hg>0,可使A-1-A轴式机车的黏着利用系数取最大值。

The calculating equations of A-1-A locomotive’s axle load transfer and the ideal traction height are deduced in this paper.Thus the axle load transfer and ideal traction height of DF4 C,an experimental A-1-A locomotive and DF4 are calculated and analyzed.And the influences of various parameters on A-1-A locomotive’s adhesion availability are analyzed by the single variable method.The following conclusions can be obtained through the calculations：the adhesion availability of type A-1-A locomotive rises with the increase of axle load,wheel base,the vertical stiffness of primary suspension,motor offset and other parameters,and decreases with the increase of tractive force at wheel rim,traction height,the longitudinal distance and vertical stiffness of secondary suspension,wheel diameter and other parameters,while the length of traction rod,the distance between bogie centers and the length over ends of the body have minimal impacts on the adhesion availability of the A-1-A locomotive.Additionally,the ideal traction height of A-1-A locomotive is 0（H0=0）,and there exists an optimal coupler height（Hg〉0）,that maximums the adhesion availability of A-1-A locomotive.