基于ATP仿真的多雷山区配电变压器防雷研究

Lightning Protection of Distribution Transformer in Thunderous Mountain Area Based on ATP Simulation

针对南方多雷山区农村配电网变压器防雷保护薄弱易遭雷击损坏,分析了一起典型的10kV配变雷害损毁事故。由此发现配电变压器在防雷保护措施方面存在以下问题:配电变压器位于线路终端、低压侧未装设避雷器、杆塔接地电阻严重超标及不同电压等级线路同杆架设等,提出配变高压侧加装限流电感线圈、低压侧加装避雷器及采用杆塔接地装置新型式等措施。通过ATP-EMTP仿真验证了配变高压侧加装电感线圈能够有效降低高压侧雷电压的幅值和陡度,同时对比了新型杆塔接地型式和典型杆塔环形接地装置的雷电流散流特性,证明新型杆塔接地型式具有更好的冲击电流散流效果。

The lightning protection of transformers in rural power distribution network in southern thunderous mountain region is very weak and vulnerable to lightning damage.Therefore,based on the analysis of the typical case of 10 kV distribution transformer lightning accident,this research finds out some problems in the lightning protection：distribution transformer is located in the line terminal;lightning arrester is not installed on the low-voltage side;tower grounding resistance seriously exceeds the standard;the lines of different voltage level are erected on the same pole.It puts forward some measures：current limiting inductance coil is installed on the high-voltage side;the lightning arrester and the tower grounding device are installed on the low-voltage side.The simulation of ATP-EMTP proves that installing current limiting inductance coil on the high-voltage side can effectively reduce the amplitude and steepness of lightning voltage.Then by comparison,the new type of tower grounding device has better effect on dispersing the impulse current.