美国乌桕家系苗期变异和初步选择

Variation and preliminary selection of Triadica sebifera seedlings from USA

为了丰富我国乌桕遗传资源,选育乌桕新品种,从美国7个州采集18个乌桕家系种子在武汉市九峰试验林场开展苗期观测试验,初步筛选出了2个优良家系。结果表明:美国乌桕种子样品中有86.7%的家系属于中粒乌桕,55.6%的家系其种子含油率达到40.0%,整体品质较好;美国乌桕家系并没有表现出比我国良种家系更强的繁殖能力和更快的生长速度;美国乌桕不同家系1年生苗木的高径生长和高径比间的差异均达到极显著水平,各家系的苗高、地径和高径比的变异系数最高分别达到了37.33%、38.38%和28.62%,家系间存在着丰富的变异,引进家系的良种选育空间大。

In order to enrich genetic resources ofTriadica sebifera in China, and to breed some new varieties, eighteen families’ seeds inT. sebifera were collected from 7 states and the seedlings trial were conducted at Jiufeng Forestry Farm of Hubei Province, and 2 families were selected out preliminarily. The results showed that there were 86.7% of the families belonging to medium grain, and the oil content in seeds of 55.6% of the families reached 40.0%, and whole quality was good. American families inT. sebifera had not showed stronger fertility and faster growth speed than Chinese ifne families. The height, basal diameter and height-diameter ratio of one-year-old seedlings had signiifcant differences between the American families, and the variation coefifcient reached 37.33%, 38.38% and 28.62%, respectively, and the variation was abundant between families. There were large spaces to breed improved variety from the introduced families.