2种Y形整形方式对‘中梨1号’生长结果的影响

Effects of two shaping methods of Y-shelf on growth and fruiting capacity of ‘Zhongli No.1’

为了解Y形架不同整形方式对梨树生长结果的影响,研究了龙干式和二主枝2种Y形架整形方式下‘中梨1号’梨品种幼树树干直径、主枝直径、早期结果性能、果实品质等方面的差异。结果表明,龙干式整形的‘中梨1号’树干直径、主枝直径、40%以上节位结果枝条数、单株平均结果数等均显著高于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’,表现出良好的幼树早期丰产性。但龙干式整形的树势相对中庸,果实平均单果质量略小于二主枝整形的‘中梨1号’。除了龙干式的果心占比稍大于二主枝‘中梨1号’,2种整形方式的‘中梨1号’果实在果形指数、果肉硬度和可溶性固形物含量等品质指标上并无显著差异。总体上,龙干式较二主枝式更容易整形,树势更中庸,幼树早期丰产性强,但需要强化水肥管理。

In order to understand the effects of different shaping methods of Y-shelf on growth and fruiting capacity of pear trees, the differences of trunk diameter, branch diameter, early fruiting capacity, and fruit quality of young trees of ‘Zhongli No.1’ were researched, which were shaped by the two methods of dragon trunk style and two main branches style of Y-shelf. The results showed that trunk diameter, branch diameter, number of branches more than 40% fruiting nodes and average fruit number per tree in the dragon trunk style treatment were signiifcantly higher than those indexes in the two main branches style treatment. ‘Zhongli No.1’ in the dragon trunk style treatment showed better early high-yield capacity of young trees, but tree vigor was relatively moderate, and average single fruit mass was slightly smaller than that in the two main branches style treatment. Except that core ratio in the dragon trunk style treatment was slightly bigger than that in the two main branches style treatment, the fruit quality indexes had no signiifcant differences in the two shaping methods treatments, including fruit shape index, lfesh hardness, soluble solid content and so on. As a whole, the tree form could be trained more easy, tree vigor was more moderate, and early yield ability of young trees was higher in the dragon trunk style treatment, but it need strengthen the management of water and fertilizer.