胃癌分子信号通路及其干预的研究进展

Gastric cancer associated signaling pathways and interventions

胃癌是我国常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其治疗手段主要是手术和放化疗,然而大多数胃癌被发现时已处于晚期,错失最佳手术期,加上对放化疗的不敏感,无法解决癌细胞弥漫和转移等一系列问题.随着医学分子生物学的发展,研究致癌的分子信号通路也越来越多,阻断其信号通路,从而逆转癌症的发生发展、提高胃癌细胞对放化疗的敏感性和阻滞癌细胞的转移,成为目前研究胃癌的重点.本文综述了近几年与胃癌密切相关的分子信号通路,如丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通路、PI3K-Akt-mTOR通路、AMPK通路、NF-κB-COX-2通路和HNF4a-Wnt通路,拟给实验研究和临床治疗提供新的思路.

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China,and main traditional treatments are surgery and chemotherapy.However,since the majority of cases of gastric cancer are diagnosed in the late stage,the best chance of operation has been missed.What＇s more,some cases are not sensitive to chemotherapy.Therefore,the management of metastasis and spread of gastric cancer is a big challenge.With the development of medical molecular biology,more and more signaling pathways have been elucidated.Blocking these signaling pathways may reverse cancer occurrence and development,improve the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to chemotherapy,and prevent cancer cell metastasis.This article reviews the signaling pathways closely related to gastric cancer,such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway,PI3K-Akt-mTOR pathway,AMPK pathway,NF-kappa B-COX-2 pathway and HNF4a-Wnt pathway,with an aim to provide new dues to the clinical treatment of this malignancy.