热舒适指标在湿热地区城市室外空间的适用性

Applicability of Thermal Comfort Indices in Urban Outdoor Space in Hot and Humid Zone

为了评价不同热舒适指标在中国湿热地区城市室外空间的适用性,以广州为例,通过问卷调查和现场测试,获得8个典型城市室外空间的人体热感觉投票和微气候参数。采用统计指标和定性指标,对比评价生理等效温度(PET)、标准有效温度(SET*)、通用热气候指标(UTCI)和经验指标(TSV_(model))对室外热感觉的预测性能。研究结果表明:TSV_(model)的适用性最好,表现为其计算参数,也即空气温度、风速和太阳辐射对湿热地区居民在城市室外空间的热感觉投票决定系数最高,为0.942,TSV_(model)预测值与居民室外热感觉投票的Spearman相关系数最大,为0.833,TSV_(model)对居民热感觉投票百分比的预测正确率最高,为65.1%。推荐经验指标TSV_(model)作为我国湿热地区的室外热舒适评价指标,用以评价不同城市室外空间的规划设计对人体舒适性的影响。

In order to evaluate the applicability of different thermal indices in urban outdoor space in hot and humid zone of China,the thermal sensation votes and the microclimate parameters of 8 typical urban outdoor spaces in Guangzhou were obtained through questionnaire surveys and field tests. The prediction performances of Physiologically Equivalent Temperature（PET）,Standard Effective Temperature（SET＊）,Universal Thermal Climate Index（UTCI）,and empirical indices（TSVmodel） for outdoor thermal sensation were assessed and compared based on three statistical criteria and two qualitative criteria. Results showed that the calculated parameters of TSVmodel（air temperature, wind speed and solar radiation） had the highest coefficients of determination on the thermal sensation votes in urban outdoor space（0. 942）,the Spearman correlation coefficient between the predicted values of TSVmodel and the outdoor thermal sensation votes was the largest（0. 833）,and the prediction accuracy of TSVmodel for outdoor thermal sensation votes was the highest（65. 1%）. All these findings suggest that the TSVmodel has the best applicability. Therefore,it is recommended to use the TSVmodel to assess outdoor thermal comfort in hot and humid zone of China and evaluate the effect of design decisions of different urban outdoor spaces on human comfort.