断层破碎带隧道突水突泥模型试验系统研制与应用

Development and application of model test system for inrush of water and mud of tunnel in fault rupture zone

为研究吉莲高速永莲隧道扰动作用下突水突泥灾变演化过程及破坏特征,以F2断层破碎带为研究对象,研制大型三维地质模型试验系统,该系统由模型架、地应力加载系统、水压加载系统以及信息监测系统组成,通过材料配比试验及物理力学性能参数测试,研制出适用于流–固耦合模型试验的新型断层围岩及正常围岩相似材料。采用该系统进行模型试验,揭示正常围岩开挖过程中及揭露断层后的隧道围岩渗流压力、应力应变、位移以及涌出物等特征参数的变化规律,模型试验结果与实际工程灾变特征具有较好一致性。试验结果表明该系统稳定可靠,可广泛应用于其它地下工程的模型试验研究,其研究方法及结果对类似工程研究具有一定的指导和借鉴意义。

In order to study disaster evolutionary process and failure characteristics of Yonglian tunnel of Ji＇an-Lianhua highway under the effect of disturbance, taking F2 fault fracture zone as the research object, a large-scale 3D geologic model test system is developed. The system consists of model bench, geostress loading system, hydraulic loading system and information monitoring system. A new type of similar material of fault and surrounding rock used in the solid-fluid coupling model tests is developed through tests on a large number of different material ratios and physical and mechanical performance parameters. The test system and similar material are used to simulate the hazard of inrush of water and mud. The change rules of seepage pressure, stress-strain, displacement and flooder in the process of excavation for common and fault surrounding rock. The results of model test agree with the catastrophic characteristics of actual projects perfectly. The system is stable and reliable, and it can be widely used for model tests in other underground projects. The research methods and the results are of certain guiding significance to the practical engineering.