论“春秋笔法”与《史记》人物形象的塑造

On “Chuen-Qiou Writing Style” and the Shaping of the Figures in Historical Records

"春秋笔法"是孔子修订《春秋》时所体现出的书写原则和思想法度,司马迁把它创造性地运用于《史记》的人物形象塑造,开创了"春秋笔法"的新境界。司马迁从"春秋笔法"的角度处理材料、描写人物、传达道义,不但使《史记》中的人物具有历史的真实性,同时更达到了艺术的真实性,是历史与艺术的高度统一。《史记》中这一人物形象塑造的方法对后世史传文学和小说产生了深远的影响。

＂ Chuen-Qiou writing style＂is the writing principles and the idea rules reflected when Confucious revised Chuen- Qiou. Sima Qian creatively applied it to the writing of Historical Records, and created a new realm of ＂Chuen-Qiou Writing Style＂. From the perspective of＂Chuen-Qiou Writing Style＂, Sima Qian dealt with the material, described the figures and con- veyed the morality. The successful uses of ＂Chuen-Qiou Writing Style＂ not only make the figures in Historical Records reach the historical truth, but also achieve the art truth. It is the high unity of history and art. The method of shaping the figures in Historical Records has a profound influence on the later historical literature and novels.