水分调控对冬小麦根系活力的影响研究

The Effects of Different Water Supplies on Root Vigor of Winter Wheat

为了探究水分调控对冬小麦根系活力的影响,本试验分别设置了4个处理,即地表灌水(处理Ⅰ)以及冬小麦根系深度的60%,75%,90%(处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ)的深层灌水处理,分别测定了冬小麦全生育期的不同深度土壤含水率以及根系活力。结果表明:对于深层灌水方式,灌水总量一定,随着灌水深度的增加,表层灌水量减少,深层土壤含水量增大;地表灌水方式表层根系活力基本保持最大值,处理Ⅳ表层根系活力值最小。但在生育后期,深层灌水处理Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的下层根系活力超过处理Ⅰ且下层根系活力值甚至超过表层的根系活力值,延缓了深层根系衰老,但灌水深度过大会对表层根系的活力产生影响。本试验中灌水深度为根系分布深度的60%和75%时,冬小麦整体根系活力值较大,可为我国北方地区冬小麦节水灌溉提供参考。

In order to explore the effects of different water supplies on the root vigor of winter wheat, four standards of irrigation depths, and 60%, 75%, and 90% of the root depth are studied by measuring different layers soil moisture content and the root vigor of winter wheat during the whole stage. The results show that： for the deeper irrigation methods, the surface irrigation amount decreased and the deeper layers increased with the increase in irrigation depth. The superficial root vigor of the ground irrigation was almost the biggest and the value of that of 90% treatment was the minimum. At the later stage, the deeper root vigor of the 65%, 75% and 90% irrigation treatments would exceed the ground irrigation and even exceed the surface layer root vigor, and deep irrigation treatments delayed the senescence of the root. But too deeper an irrigation depth would have effect on the vigor of the root in surface soil layer. So it should select the appropriate irrigation depth. In this experiment, the irrigation depth decided on the basis of 60% and 75% of the root depth can improve the overall root vigor of winter wheat.