赤峰地区文冠果开花坐果性状

Flowering and Fruit Setting Characters of Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge in Chifeng

以赤峰市翁牛特旗、阿鲁科尔沁旗坤都、阿鲁科尔沁旗东山地区文冠果林分为材料,调查其开花坐果性状特点。结果发现:赤峰市文冠果坐果数和坐果率的变异系数(分别为134.04%、78.87%)均非常大,可孕花数的变异系数最小(16.97%)。文冠果群体平均坐果率4.35%。3个地区的开花坐果性状差异显著。可孕花数、坐果数、坐果率、花朵密度都是翁旗最高,花序长则是东山的最长。由产量性状与开花坐果性状之间的相关性发现,可孕花数、坐果数、坐果率均与果实和种子产量呈极显著正相关。花序长分别与种子和果实产量、种子和果实横纵径、每果种子数呈极显著正相关。花朵密度与果实产量、果实横纵径呈极显著负相关,与种子产量呈显著负相关。对种子产量起决定性作用的由大到小依次为坐果数、坐果率、花序长、可孕花数、花朵密度。可孕花数与芽萌动期呈显著负相关、与展叶期呈极显著负相关。

We studied the flowering and fruit setting characters of Xanthoceras sorbifolia in three areas of Chifeng City, Wengniute （WQ）, Alukeerqin Kundu （KD）, Alukeerqin Dongshan （DS）. The CVs of the number of setting fruit （134.04%） and fruit setting rate （ 78.87% ） were very high, and the CV of the number of female flower （ 16.97% ） was lowest. The average fruit setting rate was 4.35%. There was significant difference among three area flowering and fruit setting characters. WQ showed the highest number of female flower, the number of setting fruit, and flower density, DS showed the longest inflorescence. Correlation analysis of flowering and fruit setting characters and seed yield characters showed, the number of female flower, the number of setting fruit, and fruit setting rate were very significantly positively correlated with fruit and seed yield. There was very significantly positive correlation between inflorescence length and fruit and seed yield, the vertical and horizontal diameter of fruit and seed, and the number of seeds per fruit. Flower density was very significantly negativly correlated with fruit yield, vertical and horizontal diameter of fruit, and significant negative correlated with seed yield. The descending sequence of decisive effect on seed yield in number was setting fruit, fruit setting rate, inflorescence length, the number of female flower, and flower density. The number of female flower was significantly negatively correlated with germination period, and very significantly negatively correlated with leaf-expansion period.