中国尾凤蝶属昆虫(鳞翅目：凤蝶科)系统发育

Phylogenetic Analysis of Bhutanitis( Lepidoptera: Papiliondae) Distribution in China

为探讨中国尾凤蝶属(Bhutanitis)昆虫的系统发生关系,采用线粒体DNA COI和ND1分子标记,对基因序列进行了分析,基于分子特征,采用NJ和贝叶斯法构建系统发育树。对3种尾凤蝶658 bp的COI基因序列的分析表明,三尾凤蝶(Bh.thaidina)、二尾凤蝶(Bh.mansfieldi)和多尾凤蝶(Bh.lidderdalii)T、C、A、G 4种核苷酸的平均含量分别为41.5%、40.0%、41.9%,15.2%、15.8%、14.3%,29.3%、30.7%、29.8%,14.0%、13.5%、14.0%;共发现突变位点131个,约占全长的19.91%,简约信息位点56个,约占全长的8.51%。对480 bp的NDI基因序列的分析表明,三尾凤蝶、二尾凤蝶和多尾凤蝶的NDI基因序列T、C、A、G的平均含量依次为34.4%、33.3%、32.1%,11.3%、11.9%、12.1%,45.6%、46.7%、47.1%,8.7%、8.1%、8.8%;共有63个变异位点,占全长的13.13%,简约信息位点39个,约占全长的8.13%。二者均表现为明显的A+T碱基偏向。中国分布尾凤蝶昆虫遗传多样性较低,种间遗传距离较小,系统发育分析表明,二尾凤蝶最早从祖先种群中分化,其次是多尾凤蝶,最后是三尾凤蝶;多尾凤蝶与其他二种亲缘关系均较近。

The phylogenetic relationships among three Bhutanitis species distribution in China areas were analyzed based on 658 bp sequences of COI and 480 bp ND1 gene. With COI gene sequences, the average T contents of B. thaidina, B. mansfieldi and B. lidderdalii of were 41.5%, 40.0%, 41.9%, C were 15.2%, 15.8%, 14.3%, A were 29.3%, 30.7%,29.8%, and G were 14.0%, 13.5%, 14.0%, respectively. There were 131 variable sites, in which 56 were parsimony information sites, accounting for 19.91% and 8.51% of the total length, respectively. With the NDlgene sequences, T were 34.4%, 33.3%, 32.1%, C were 11.3%, 11.9%, 12.1%, A were 45.6%, 46.7%, 47.1%, and G were 8.7%, 8.1%, 8.8%. There were 63 variable sites, in which 39 were parsimony information sites, accounting for 13.13% and 8.13% of the total length, respectively. Bhutanitis exhibited a high A＋T bias. A low level of genetic diversity in the total population of Bhutanitis, and their average genetic distance was small. From the phylogenetic trees NJ and BI, B. mansfieldi was differentia- ted earlier than other species followed by B. lidderdalii. B. lidderdalii showed the highest affinity with B. thaidina and B. mansfieldi.