陕西蓝田核桃内生真菌多样性与时空分布

Diversity and Temporal-spatial Distribution of Endophytic Fungi from Juglans regia L. in Lantian,Shaanxi

为了解陕西蓝田核桃(Juglans regia L.)内生真菌生态多样性与分布特性,采用组织分离法对不同季节的核桃树的不同组织部位进行内生真菌分离,以形态学和分子生物学相结合的方法进行鉴定。共分离获得核桃内生真菌676株,隶属于47个属,其中交链孢霉属(Alternaria)为优势类群,占菌株总数的19.23%;茎叶核菌属(Ectostroma)和葡萄座腔菌属(Botryosphaeria)相对较丰富,分别占菌株总数的8.73%和6.21%。核桃不同部位内生真菌的多样性以茎部最高,1年生茎和2年生茎分别占菌株总数的24.56%和24.41%。不同季节的核桃内生真菌中,秋季(2013年10月)的多样性最高,分布于19个属,占菌株总数的34.91%。不同组织部位的核桃内生真菌多样性因季节变化而异。

The experiment was conducted to study the endophytic fungal ecology diversity and distribution characteristics of the Juglans regia woody tree in Lantian of Shaanxi Province. The fungal endophytes from different tissues of walnut tree in the four seasons were isolated, which were classified by morphology and similarity of internal transcribed spacer （ITS） sequence. A total of 676 endophytic fungal strains in 47 genera were isolated, in which Alternaria were the dominant genera accounting for 19.23% of the total strains. The proportion of Ectostroma and Botryosphaeria were second abundant stains, accounting for 8.73% and 6.21%, respectively. In different tissues of walnut, endophytic fungal from stem showed the highest diversity. The strains isolated from the annual and biennial stem were accounted for 24.56% and 24.41% of the total strains, respectively. Among different seasons, endophytic fungi obtained from autumn （October 2013） samples displayed the highest diversity and was distributed in 19 genera, accounting for 34.91% of the total strains. Therefore, the diversity of the endophytic fungi from different tissues of walnut was varied with the four seasons.