破产重整程序中担保物权的限制与保护

The Limitation and Protection of Security Interest in Bankruptcy Reorganization Procedure

破产重整是《破产法》三大程序之一,不同于清算与和解程序,破产重整制度的目的在于挽救濒临破产的企业,以债务人现有财产为基础、恢复与重建债务人为目的,最终实现债务人、债权人、社会利益的平衡。破产重整制度所承载的此种价值要求债权人不得将债务人财产"瓜分",而应当为其重建保留必要的经济基础,因此,破产重整中对债权人的限制也就成为破产重整制度的应有之义。但对其中一类债权的限制应当采取适当的方式,因为其行使直接关系债务人财产的增减,这类债权即有财产担保的债权。破产重整程序要想顺利进行,必须使该类债权人积极配合重整计划的通过以及执行,不能仅仅采用对担保债权进行限制的方式,应当给予其一定的保护,以使其有"动力"去配合重整程序进行。

Bankruptcy reorganization is one of the three procedures of Bankruptcy Law. Different from liquidation and reconciliation, the reorganization system is designed to save enterprises facing bankrupt, and to balance the interest between debtor, creditor and society, so the debtor must not carve up the creditor's wealth for the sake of the latter's reestablishment. Although the creditor ought to be limited, limit on creditor with financial guarantee should be appropriate for it relates to the amount of the direct debtor's wealth. This kind of creditor should work in with the reorganization so that it may proceed well, so this research discusses the regulation of security interest for its improvement. But on the other hand, security interest needs not only limitation but also protection for its better cooperation with the reorganization.