当前中国农村高利贷流行原因的系统分析

A Systematic Analysis of the Current Causes of Usury in China's Rural Areas

正确理解复杂系统的整体性须以科学把握要素的局部性为基础,由此可从经济、社会和法治三大要素出发审视当前中国农村高利贷为何流行这个复杂系统。以经济要素来看,其归因为农村高利贷遵循市场规律,交易双方地位平等;农村资本供需矛盾突出;农村社会贫富差距悬殊;高利贷行为主体均能获得经济利益。从社会要素来看,其归因为民间文化由重"血缘"向重"利益"转变;农村社会阶层分化明显;农村社会人口流动性增强;农村社会现代化进程加快,配套制度建设滞后;农村社会现象严重"变味"。从法治要素来看,其归因为法律对农村高利贷的部分承认;政府对农村高利贷的打击力度减弱。

The correct understanding of the integrity of the complex system should be based on the scientific grasp of the local elements, which can be started from economy, society and rule of law to examine the popularity of China＇s current rural usury. Based on the perspective of economics, it owes to the rural usury follows the market rules, and each trader has equal status;there is contradiction between supply and demand on the rural capital;there is growing gap between the rich and the poor in rural society. The subject of usury can gain economic benefits. Based on the social perspective the focus of folk culture switches from ＂ties of blood＂to＂interests＂.the rural social stratum differentiation is obvious; the rural population increases liquidity; the rural social modernization process speeds up, and the supporting systems cannot follow up;and the rural social phenomenon waits on. Based on the perspective of government by law, it owes to law admittance of part of the usury, and the management of rural usury wanes.