对慢性肾脏病患儿开展延续性护理的效果评价

Clinical efficiency evaluation of continuous nursing in children with chronic kidney diseases

目的探讨对慢性肾脏病患儿开展出院延续性护理的临床效果。方法选取上海交通大学附属儿童医院2013年11月—2014年11月收治的50例慢性肾脏疾病患儿作为观察组,并以2012年10月—2013年10月收治的50例慢性肾脏疾病患儿为对照组。对照组采用常规护理方法,观察组在此基础上给予出院延续性护理服务,内容包括开展患儿情况评估、开设专题讲座及小讲课、提供出院后专科咨询服务等。比较两组患儿出院12个月后肾脏功能指标及其家属的疾病照护能力。结果开展出院延续性护理服务后,观察组患儿的血尿素氮、血肌酐及24 h尿蛋白等肾功能指标均显著好于对照组(P<0.05)。同时,观察组患儿家长的自我护理能力评分明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论出院延续性护理服务可促进慢性肾脏病患儿出院后肾功能改善,并对提高患儿家属照护能力有积极作用。

Objective To explore the clinical efficiency of continuous nursing in the children with chronic kidney diseases. Methods A total of 50 children with chronic kidney diseases in Children＇s Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai Jiao Tong University hospitalized from November 2013 to November 2014 were enrolled in the experimental group. Another 50 children with chronic kidney diseases hospitalized from October 2012 to October 2013 were enrolled in the control group. The control group was given the conventional nursing. The experimental group was given additional continuous nursing after hospital discharge, including the investigation and assessment, seminars, health education and specialized consulting services. The kidney function of children and care ability of family members between the two groups were compared. Results The indexes of kidney function such as blood urea nitrogen （Bun）, serum creatinine （Scr） and 24-hour urine protein, and care ability of family members in the experimental group were significantly improved compared with the control group （P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The children with chronic kidney diseases should receive continuous nursing after hospital discharge. It is helpful to promote their kidney function and care ability of family members.